Smalltalk が普通に入っているのがすばらしいので、すこしだけ目立ち気味の空欄を GNU Smalltalk、Squeak、VisualWorks で項目を分けてからざっと調べて分かる範囲で埋めてみた―の巻の後半部分です。GSTer、VWer は、訂正・補足をお願いします。もちろん Squeak使いからのツッコミも歓迎です。
| libraries and modules | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| > | ruby | GNU Smalltalk | Squeak | VisualWorks |
| import library | require | PackageLoader fileInPackage: 'PackageName' PackageLoader fileInPackages: #('Package1' 'Package2') |
use SqueakMap Package Loader or drag’n drop package file to desktop or (Installer file: 'path/to/package/file') install |
use Parcel Manager and Load Parcel Named... command or ParcelManag |
| library path | $: | ?? | SMSqueakMap default directory | UISettings preferenceFor: #parcelPath |
| library path environment variable | RUBYLIB | SMALLTALK_MODULES | none | none |
| library path command line option | -I | none, use gst-load script | none | -filein |
| module declaration | class Foo or module Foo | write package.xml and use gst-package script | use Monticello | Store.Registry packageNamedOrCreate: 'Foo' |
| module separator | :: | . (period) | none | . (period) |
| package management | $ gem list $ gem install rails |
PackageLoader | SMSqueakMap, Monticello | ParcelManager, StORE, Monticello |
| objects | ||||
| > | ruby | GNU Smalltlk | Squeak | VisualWorks |
| define class | class Int attr_accessor :value def initialize(i=0) @value = i end end |
Object subclass: Int [ | val | initialize [ val := 0 ] val [^val] val: i [val := i] Int class >> new [ ^super new initialize; yourself ] Int class >> new: i [ ^self new val: i; yourself ] ] |
in class browser Object subclass: #Int instanceVariableNames: 'val' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'Category-Name' use browser’s "create inst var accessors" command Int >> initialize super initialize val := 0 Int clas >> new: i ^self new val: i; yourself |
use class browser’s New Class... dialog and set Create Methods: options for creating isnt var asscessors in class browser Int >> initialize super initialize. val := 0. ^self Int clas >> new: i ^self new initialize val: i; yourself |
| create object | i = Int.new i = Int.new(4) |
i := Int new i := Int new: 4 |
i := Int new i := Int new: 4 |
i := Int new i := Int new: 4 |
| invoke getter, setter | v = i.value i.value = v+1 |
v := i val. i val: v + 1 |
v := i val. i val: v + 1 |
v := i val. i val: v + 1 |
| instance variable accessibility | private by default; use attr_reader, attr_writer, attr_accessor to make public | private by default; create accessors to make public | private by default; create accessors to make public | private by default; create accessors to make public |
| define method | in class body: def plus(i) value + i end |
Int extend [ plus: i [^val + i] ] |
in class browser: Int >> plus: i ^val + i |
in class browser: Int >> plus: i ^val + i |
| invoke method | i.plus(7) | i plus: 7 | i plus: 7 | i plus: 7 |
| cascading | none | i val: 4; plus: 7 | i val: 4; plus: 7 | i val: 4; plus: 7 |
| destructor | val = i.value ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(i) { puts "bye, #{val}" } |
i addToBeFinalized define finalize method beforehand Int extend [ finalize [ ('bye, ', val printString) displayNl. super finalize] ] |
WeakRegistry default add: i define finalize method beforehand Int >> finalize Transcript cr; show: 'bye, ', val printString. super finalize |
weakly := i withLastRites: [:obj | Transcript show: 'bye, ', obj val printString; cr] |
| method missing | in class body: def method_missing(name, *a) puts "no def: #{name}" + " arity: #{a.size}" end |
Int extend [ doesNotUnderstand: msg [ | sel args | sel := msg selector. args := msg arguments. ('no def: ', sel, ' args: ', args printString) displayNl] ] |
Int >> doesNotUnderstand: msg Transcript cr; show: ( 'no def: {1} args: {2}' format: {msg selector. msg arguments}) |
Int >> doesNotUnderstand: msg | sel args | sel := msg selector. args := msg arguments. Transcript cr; show: ('no def: <1s> args: <2p>' expandMacrosWith: sel with: args) |
| inheritance | class Counter < Int @@instances = 0 def initialize @@instances += 1 super end def incr self.value += 1 end def self.instances @@instances end end |
Int subclass: Counter [ incr [val := val + 1] ] Counter class extend [ Insts := 0. insts [^Insts] ] Counter extend [ initialize [ super initialize. Insts := Insts + 1 ] ] |
use class browser Int subclass: #Counter instanceVariableNames: '' classVariableNames: 'Insts' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'Category-Name' Counter class >> initialize Insts := 0 Counter class >> insts ^Insts Counter >> initialize super initialize. Insts := Insts + 1 Counter >> incr val := val + 1 don’t forget to invoke the class initializer Counter initialize |
use class browser’s New Class... dialog and create a shared variable Insts in Shared Variable tab in class browser Count class >> initialize Insts := 0 Counter class >> insts ^Insts Counter >> initialize super initialize. Insts := Insts + 1. ^self Counter >> incr val := val + 1 don’t forget to invoke the class initializer Counter initialize |
| invoke class method | Counter.instances | Counter insts | Counter insts | Counter insts |
| reflection and hooks | ||||
| > | ruby | GNU Smalltalk | Squeak | VisualWorks |
| class | a.class | a class | a class | a class |
| has method? | a.respond_to?('reverse') | a respondsTo: #reverse | a respondsTo: #reverse | a respondsTo: #reverse |
| message passing | (1..9).each { |i| a.send("phone#{i}=", nil) } | (1 to: 9) do: [:i | a perform: ('phone', i printString, ':') asSymbol with: nil] |
(1 to: 9) do: [:i | a perform: ('phone', i printString, ':') asSymbol with: nil] |
(1 to: 9) do: [:i | a perform: ('phone', i printString, ':') asSymbol with: nil] |
| eval | loop do puts eval(gets) end |
[Object evaluate: stdin nextLine, ' displayNl' ifError: []] repeat |
[Transcript cr; show: (Compiler evaluate: (FillInTheBlank request: '')) ] repeat |
[Transcript cr; show: (Compiler evaluate: (Dialog request: '')) ] repeat |
| methods | a.methods | a class selectors | a class selectors | a class selectors |
| attributes | a.instance_variables | a class instVarNames | a class instVarNames | a class instVarNames |
| pretty print | require 'pp' h = { 'foo'=>1, 'bar'=>[2,3] } pp h |
none | none | none |
| source line number and file name | __LINE__ __FILE__ |
(Integer >> #factorial) methodSourcePos (Integer >> #factorial) methodSourceFile you can also get method source code (Counter >> #incr) methodSourceString |
(Integer >> #factorial) fileIndex (Integer >> #factorial) filePosition you can also get method source code (Counter >> #incr) getSource |
(Integer compiledMethodAt: #factorial) fileIndex (Integer compiledMethodAt: #factorial) filePosition you can also get method source code (Integer compiledMethodAt: #factorial) getSource |
| web | ||||
| ruby | GNU Smalltalk | Squeak | VisualWorks | |
| http get | require 'net/http' h = 'www.google.com' r = Net::HTTP.start(h, 80) do |f| f.get('/') end r.body |
h := 'www.google.com:80'. r := HTTPSocket httpGetDocument: h. r contents |
||
| url encode/decode | require 'cgi' CGI::escape('hello world') CGI::unescape('hello+world') |
none | ||
| create repo and start server | $ rails foo $ cd foo $ ./script/server |
WAKom startOn: 8888. WAComponent subclass: #Foo instanceVariableNames: '' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'Seaside-App' Foo registerAsApplication: 'foo' |
||
| web framework | Rails | Seaside | Seaside | Seaside |
| object relational mapper | ActiveRecord | DBI | GLORP | GLORP |
| templates | ERB | ?? | ?? | ?? |
| java interoperation | ||||
| ruby | GNU Smalltalk | Squeak | VisualWorks | |
| version | JRuby 1.4.0 | none | JNIPort, JavaConnect | JNIPort, JavaConnect |
| repl | jirb | none, use a Workspace | none, use a Workspace | |
| interpreter | jruby | none, use a Workspace | none, use a Workspace | |
| compiler | jrubyc | none, use a Workspace | none, use a Workspace | |
| prologue | none | none | none | |
| new | rnd = java.util.Random.new | rnd := (JVM current findClass: 'java.util.Random') new | rnd := (JVM current findClass: 'java.util.Random') new_null. | |
| method | rnd.next_float | rnd nextFloat | rnd nextFloat_null | |
| import | java_import java.util.Random rnd = Random.new |
none | none | |
| non-bundled java libraries | require 'path/to/mycode.jar' | none | none | |
| shadowing avoidance | module JavaIO include_package "java.io" end |
none | none | |
| to java array | [1,2,3].to_java(Java::int) | JavaIntArray from: #(1 2 3) jvm: JVM current | JavaIntArray from: #(1 2 3) jvm: JVM current | |
| java class subclassable? | yes | no | no | |
| java class open? | yes | no | no | |
| _______________________ | _______________________ | _______________________ | _______________________ | |
partially copied from http://hyperpolyglot.wikidot.com/scripting then modified by sumim
and also licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0
